不定式和动词作主语的区别.docVIP

不定式和动名词作主语的区别 .动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语， 如： It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性, 如: To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) (85)It is better to stay home than _A__ out. A. to go B. going C. go D. gone Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点 1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词, 如: (92)_B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.? A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 2.动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。? Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验)? Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) 3.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式, 如: It /There is no use crying over the split milk. It /There is no help taking this medicine.? 但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式, 如: (93) There is no good for us to do that exercise. 4.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能, 如: How to solve the problem is a hot potato.? Where to put the box seems hard to decide.? Whether to do it hasn’t been decided.? What to do next is up to you. 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求： (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 dread害怕 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start开始 undertake承接 want想要 consent同意，赞同 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 vow起 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce宣布 force强迫 press迫使 bride 收买 inspire鼓舞 request请求 assist协助 hate憎恶 pronounce断定，表示 advise劝告 exhort告诫，勉