Lecture for Sep. 21.docVIP

Ancient Chinese Philosophy—the soul of Chinese traditional culture Confucianism ⑤ Tradition has it that he studied ritual with the Daoist Master Lao Dan, music with Chang Hong, and the lute with Music-master Xiang. “圣人无常师。孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。”——《师说》 “秋，郯子来朝，公与之宴。昭子问焉，曰：‘少暤氏鸟名官，何故也？’郯子曰：‘吾祖也，我知之。。。。。。。仲尼闻之，见于郯子而学之。” ——《左传·昭公十七年》 “宾牟贾侍坐于孔子，孔子与之言及乐，曰：‘夫《武》之备戒之已久，何也？’对曰：‘病不得其众也。’。。。。。。子曰：‘唯。丘之闻诸苌弘，亦若吾子之言是也。’” ——《礼记·乐记》 “孔子学鼓琴于师襄子，十日不进。”——《史记·孔子世家》 “孔子適周，将问礼於老子。”——《史记·老子韩非列传第三》 Confucius was the first person in Chinese history to teach large numbers of students in a private capacity. According to tradition, he had three thousand students, 72 of whom became proficient in the “six Arts” or “six Classics”. “孔子以《诗》、《书》、《乐》教，弟子盖三千焉，身通六艺者七十有二人。” ——《史记·孔子世家》 六艺 ① the six arts: ritual, music, archery, chariot-riding, calligraphy, and computation ② the six classics: the Book of Poetry, the Book of History, the Book of Rites, the Book of Music, the Book of Changes, and the Spring and Autumn Annals Ⅴ. Definition of Confucianism Confucianism is a philosophical school developed from the teachings of the sage Confucius (孔子), collected in the Analects of Confucius (论语). It is a system of moral, social, political, educational and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on Chinese history, thought, and culture down to the 21st century. Ⅵ. Doctrines of Confucius 孔子的思想 Background The Time of Confucius: chaos and disorder Military conflict between states and power struggles within a state. The old order of social life was being destroyed and a new one was advancing. Cause：The misuse and abuse of ritual (li) and music (yue) （“礼坏乐崩” ） Source of Confucius’ philosophy: Lunyu, also known as the Analects of Confucius. It is considered a record of the words and acts of the central Chinese thinker and philosopher Confucius and his d