经济学原理_14竞争市场上的企业.ppt

* * This slide is “hidden” and will not display in your presentation. I have included it here in case you would like to substitute it for “Active Learning 3.” The height of the rectangle is ATC – P, loss per unit. The width of the rectangle is Q, the number of units. The area of the rectangle = height x width = (loss per unit) x (number of units) = total loss. FIRMS IN COMPETITIVE MARKETS * S1 利润 D1 P1 长期供给 D2 需求增加的影响：短期与长期 MC ATC P1 市场 Q P (市场) 单个企业 Q P (企业) P2 P2 Q1 Q2 S2 Q3 市场开始时处于长期均衡… …然而需求增加使价格上升… …使企业获得短期利润 当利润引起企业进入时，供给增加，价格下降… …使利润趋于零，回到长期均衡 A B C 0 FIRMS IN COMPE