语言学试题集.doc

语言学试题集 英语语言学往年试题集锦 ? 语言学的资料很少，看完书后想找些习题或往年试题做做，可以起到练兵，巩固所看书本知识的作用。我收集了一些高校语言学的往年试题供大家参考，讨论，交流一下做题的感受，也希望大家可以把自己所考学校的往年试题发表在上面，给大家一起讨论。 　　1 One of the main features of our human language is arbitrariness .Can you briefly explain what is this feature refers to ? Give examples if necessary(10 points). 北师大2003年试题） 　　2 In english we can describe a story as a successful story or a success story .Do you think they mean the same ? Please explain and give your reasons(10 points) ,同上》 　　3 Expain the following terms ,giving examples where necessary.(50 points) 中山2003》 design feature macrolinguistics vowel minimal pair folk etymology aspect　　anopho r error analysisr metaphor 　　4 Language can change through blending ,metanalysis ,back-formation, analogical creation and borrowing.Give two english words for each of them (5 points) 清华2000年试题 　　5 Answer the following question briefly.clearly,grammatically and correctly.(10 Points ) 湖南师大2003年 　　What is it wrong to assume that the meaning of a sentence is the sum of the meaning of the words which compose it ? 　　7 Define the following terms.(10 points) 中国海洋大学1999 　　Phoneme ,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentric construction,semantics,hyponymy ,language ,design feature 　　8 Define the following terms .(20 points) 苏州大学1997 allophone morpheme assimilation internal authority interlanguage phatic communion 　　closed-class word government semantica triangic lingua franca 　　What is the main grammatical difference between a sentence and a clause ? 同上 　　6 Translate into chinese and exemplify each of the following.(10 points ) 　　Example : dialectal synonyms 　　Answer , 方言同义词， Fall and autumn are dialectal synonyms . 　　homography　　homophony　　gradable opposites endocentric constuction 　　exocentric construction 　　9 大连外国语学院1992年语言学全部试题 100 POINTS 　　List the six important characteristics of human language . 　　What are the types of morphemes ? 　　Illustrate the deep and surface structures . 　　What do u know about the semantic features ? 　　How doe