设备的可靠度由故障率函数、时间的起始点和结束点共同决定.docVIP

基于效费比的设备预防性维护2 （兰州交通大学 机电工程学院兰州 730070200240）：中图分类号U231+94 文献标识码A Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Metro Vehicle Equipment Based on cost-effectiveness WANG Hong1, LIU Zhi-long1, DU Wei-xin1, JIANG Zu-hua2 (1 School of Mechatronic Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China) (2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China) Abstract: Unreasonable maintenance plan can result in the replacement of metro vehicle equipment?in advance and the waste of resources. By comprehensively considering the dynamic maintenance factor of the unexpected breakdown maintenance timeout, low- maintenance cost and maintenance convenience, a new analysis method of cost-effectiveness is proposed based on the failure rate to decide equipment optimal replacement time. The optimal maintenance schedule can be achieved by minimizing maintenance cost rate or maximize availability in a replacement cycle. Periodic preventive maintenance strategy is used in this maintenance model. A breakdown maintenance delay punishment mechanism is introduced to decrease the impact of dynamic maintenance factor on the normal operation of vehicles. The example results show that the maintenance policy can reduce maintenance costs, improve using efficiency and get a proper preventive maintenance schedule, also it can provide powerful decision support for optimization of vehicle equipment maintenance plan. Key words: Metro vehicle; Preventive maintenance; cost-effectiveness; periodic preventive maintenance 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目 作者简介:王红(1968-)，男，青海乐都人，教授 引言 地铁车辆作为一种重要的交通工具，与人们的日常生活息息相关，合理的预防性维护计划是保障车辆运行安全的重要途径。目前，地铁车辆采用多级、等周期的维护模式，以保证车辆设备的运用可靠性。现阶段有关设备预防性维护策略的研究，大都维护的经济性、可靠性和可用度，未考虑设备使用价值最大化，减小设备的价值浪费问题，所以在保证维护经济性的的基础上，制定能够设备的使用价值最大化的维护，在实际生产运用过程中具有重要的现实意义。在已有的研究中，部分学者从维护或者设备可用度出发制定设备维护，但就如何通过确定设备的更来实现设备使用价值最大化的问题却少有考虑[1-6]，其中文献[6]通过维护次数来确定更换时机，未考虑设备使用价值的浪费问题；文献[7]从维护费用的经济性出发，通过效费比分析方法来确定部件的更换，制定设备的维护计划，但未从可用度出发进一步的研究；文献[8]