cell-第5章2009课件.ppt

医学细胞生物学 5 MEDICAL CELL BIOLOGY 5. Structure Functions of plasma membrane Outline cell membrane = plasma membrane(质膜). Biomembrane 生物膜: all membranes of cell. All membranes are unit membrane. Biomembranes are very important to the processes of survival, growth, develop, division and differentiation in cell. Functions of Biomembrane 1. Compartmentalization 区域化 2. Scaffold for biochemical activities.生化反应的支架 3. Providing a selectively permeable barrier. 选择透性 4. Transporting solutes. 运输 5. Responding to external signals.信号传递 6. Intercellular interaction.胞间联系 7. Energy transduction. 能量转换 §1 Structure of biomembranes 1. Components of biomembranes 1.1 Lipids （30-80%） （1）3 classes：phospholipids 磷脂, cholesterol 胆固醇, glycolipid 糖脂 A. phospholipids（50%↑）： Phosphoglycerides 磷酸甘油脂 Sphingolipids 鞘磷脂： B. cholesterol C. glycolipid （5%）：寡糖+鞘氨醇+脂肪酸 （2）Features of lipids ：amphipathic molecule, to form a bilayer structure spontaneously （3）functions: make up of basic framework of biomembrane 鞘氨醇 Sphingosine Cholesterol 胆固醇 1.2 Proteins（20-70%） Undertaker of membrane functions （1）Intergral Protein 内在蛋白（70-80%）： Direct contact with surrounding lipid molecules by covalent or hydrophobic bonds. 结合紧密 （2）Peripheral Protein 周边蛋白（20-30%）： Associated with the membrane by weak electrostatic (静电的) bonds, 在膜内、外（外少）表面，结合疏松，水溶性。 1.3 Membrane carbohydrates （2-10%） Oligosaccharides 90% linked to proteins: glycoproteins(糖蛋白) 10% linked to lipids: glycolipids(糖脂) To form the cell coat Functions: to allow cells recognize and signal one another; to exchange materials and information 参与细胞与环境相互作用 2. Molecular structure of biomembrane 1. Lamella structure model 片层结构模型，1935 2. Unit membrane model 单位膜模型, 1959 3. Fluid mosaic model 液态镶嵌模型, 1972 4. Crystal mosaic model 晶格镶嵌模型, 1975 无序、有序并存 5. Block mosaic model 板快镶嵌模型, 1977 不同流动性的板块镶嵌成的动态结构 Fluid mosaic model 液态镶嵌模型, 1972 1. The lipid bilayer serves primarily as a structural backbone of the membrane; 2. The proteins of membrane occur as (以