10-立克次体探讨.ppt

asdfgjhklkk;k; RICKETTSIAE RICKETTSIA---- General Overview Small obligate intracellular parasites, “Energy parasites” Transport system for ATP Rapidly loss infectivity outside host cell Once considered to be viruses , Gram-negative bacteria, Growth slow compared to bacteria Stain poorly with Gram stain (Giemsa) Rickettsiae are transmitted in the arthropods节肢动物 (like ticks蜱 , lice虱子 , fleas跳蚤 mites螨虫 ), which serves as both vector and reservior Usually transmitted to human by bite of vector (Humans are accidental host in most cases) RICKETTSIA---- General Overview genera are pathogenic to humans: Rickettsia立克次体属 , Orientia东方体属, Anaplasma无形体属, Ehrlichia埃里希体属 Neorickettsia新立克次体属 Causing epidemic typhus流行性斑疹伤寒, Endemic typhus地方性斑疹伤寒，scrub typhus恙虫病, spotted fever斑点热, rickettsial pox立克次氏体痘, Q fever, ehrlichiosis埃里希体病, cat scratch disease 猫抓病and so on. RICKETTSIA---- General Overview Several rickettsiae, such as R. prowazekii普氏立克次体,Orientia tsutsugamushi恙虫病立克次体, and Rickettsia typhi斑疹伤寒立克次体, possess antigens that cross-react with antigens of the strains of Proteus vulgaris变形杆菌. 具有与某些变形杆菌有交叉免疫反应的抗原.The Weil-Felix test外斐反应,which detects antirickettsial antibodies in a patients serum by agglutination of the Proteus organisms, is based on this cross-reaction. Laboratory Diagnosis Presumptive laboratory diagnosis is based on: the finding of rickettsial-like organisms in tissue or blood. (Although the organisms are gram-negative, they only weakly take the counter stain, safranin. Therefore, special staining procedures are used. Infected tissue may be stained with): Macchiavello stain--organisms are bright red against the blue background of the tissue. Castaneda stain--blue organisms against a red background. Giemsa stain--bluish purple organisms. Confirmative diagnosis is based on a serological reaction (Weil-Felix reaction): 1. The titer of the agglutinins in the patients serum against the Proteus strains OX-19, OX-2 and OX-K are determined. These