experiment physicaland chemical change（实验physicaland化学变化）.doc

Experiment: Physical and Chemical Change Theory: Have you ever thought of your eyes as powerful tools for studying chemistry? Many of the properties of matter and the changes it undergoes can easily be determined thorough careful observation. Physical properties include color, density, solubility, and the state of the matter. Chemical properties describe the changes that take place when new substances are formed during a chemical reaction. When matter undergoes a change, it is classified a either a physical change or a chemical change. During a physical change, only the size, temperature, or physical state of the substance changes. Melting, dissolving, grinding, and evaporating are all physical changes. No new substances are produced during a physical change. However, chemical changes always result in the formation of one or more new substances. The rusting of iron, during which the new substance iron (III) oxide forms from iron (Fe) and oxygen, (O2), is an example of a chemical change. In this experiment you will observe a variety of materials and describe their physical properties. You will then cause some of the substances to undergo changes. Based upon your observations, you will determine whether the changes are physical changes or chemical changes. Purpose: To observe the physical and chemical properties of several substances and to classify observed changes as physical or chemical. Safety: Always wear safety goggles when working in the lab. Hydrochloric acid is very corrosive and can cause severe burns. Do not look directly at the burning magnesium. The intense light may damage your eyes. View the magnesium reaction by looking to the side of the reaction. Do not inhale the smoke that is produced when magnesium burns. Powdered sulfur is irritating to the moist membranes of the eyes, nose, and throat. Avoid getting the dust into the air. Do not taste any of the substances or touch them with your hands. Procedures: Part A.