ppt课件-addheadlinewithcapitalletters.pptVIP

TECHNOECOMICS OF BIOENERGY TRADE CHAINS - IEA BIOENERGY TASK 35 Task Objectives - Bioenergy Trade To select the economically promising chains for a detailed study. To carry out a comparison for selected alternatives with a rigorous method. Overall costs and reducing CO2 emissions as criteria. To identify business opportunities and new concepts in bioenergy utilisations chains. IEA Bioenergy Task 35 Participants 2002 David Beckman, Zeton Inc., Canada Kevin Craig (Ralph Overend), NREL, USA André Faaij, Utrecht University, the Netherlands Bj?rn Kjellstr?m, Lule? University of Technology, Sweden Paterson McKeough, VTT Processes, Finland Erich Podesser (Henrike Bayer), Joanneum Research, Austria Yrj? Solantausta, VTT Processes, Finland Martijn Wagener (Rob Remmels), Essent Energy, the Netherlands Elements in Assessing Biofuel Trade Biomass Resources Considered Woody biomass Forest industry by-products Forestry residues Other wood fuels Agricultural by-products Straw Bagasse Other Specifically grown biomass Short rotation forestry Grasses Local Conversion Drying (used in processes below) Pellets Bio-oil Other liquid biofuels Ethanol Methanol Fischer-Tropsch liquids Transportation Logistics Raw biomass, pre-treated biomass, converted biomass Water, rail, road Final Conversion and End-Use Conversion to other energy forms Fischer-Tropsch liquids Ethanol, Methanol Bio-oil Power and heat Stand-alone Co-fire Transportation An Example of Data Collection, Resources Supply An Example of a Biofuel Trade Chain Primary fuel: forestry residues (FR) available in connection to wood industry in Northern Europe Used industrially in Finland and Sweden (CHP and heat production) Utilisation of FR is increasing, and a considerable potential exists Conversion of FR in an integrated plant to heat and bio-oil Transportation of bio-oil to remote users Use in replacing coal (or mineral oils in the future) Current Industrial Use of Forestry Residues Cost of Wood Fuels for Large Users VTT TE