a p chemistry chapter3 notes outline（p化学第三章指出大纲）（10页）.docVIP

AP Chemistry: Chapter 3 Notes Outline Friday, September 10 - TEST Calculate moles, grams and particles of any chemical substance Calculate percent composition Calculate empirical and molecular formulas Use dimensional analysis to solve stoichiometric problems Use dimensional analysis to do limiting reactant problems Use dimensional analysis to calculate percent yield Calculate molarity and use in solving stoichiometric problems Moles Calculate the Molar Mass of each substance Cu b. Cu(NO3)2 c. CaCO3 How many moles of Cu are in 18.7 g of Cu? How many atoms are in 127.1 g of Cu? How many grams are in 2.50 moles of CaCO3? How many atoms of oxygen are in 2.50 moles of Cu(NO3)2? How many atoms of SF6 are in 50.0 g of SF6? Percent Composition Find the percentage composition of a chemical by finding the total molar mass of the compound find the mass percent of each element in a compound: Example: NH4NO3 Percent Error Empirical Formula: Rules Percent to Mass Mass to Moles Divide by small Times till whole Example: Determine the empirical formula of a compound with 52.8% Sn, 12.4% Fe, 16% C and 18.8% N. Molecular Formulas Molecular Formulas are ________ _________not just the simplest _____________ the molar mass of the empirical formula (EF) is always a multiple of the MW. Use the MW to determine by what factor you need to multiply the empirical formula to find the molecular formula. Examples Determine the molecular formula for a compound that contains 22.5% Na, 30.4% P and 47.1% O and a molar mass of 306 g/mol Complex Molecular and Empirical Formula Problems—Combustion Problems Many homes in rural America are heated by propane gas, a compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen. Complete combustion of a sample of propane produced 2.641 grams of carbon dioxide and 1.442 grams of water as the only products. Find the empirical formula of propane. Galactose (Gal) (als