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t h e p l a c e n a m e s o f c a n i s b a y,（t h e p l c e n m e s o f c n s b y,）.doc

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THE PLACE NAMES OF CANISBAY, CAITHNESS. By John Mowat. Introductory Note. The place-names of Caithness have not yet received the attention they deserve. The Celts and the Norsemen were at the making of them. The mingling of Celtic and Norse influence in the county would prove an interesting field for the student of Scottish etymology. The late David B. Nicolson made a valuable contribution to the subject in the paper prepared for The County of Caithness, published in 1907, but it is more suggestive and illustrative than exhaustive. In the following list it is proposed to deal only with Canisbay, the parish of John O’ Groats, in the north-eastern corner of the county, and the most distinctively Norse. In this parish were some of the earliest Viking settlements. As a basis the Ordnance Survey map has been used, but this has been supplemented from old maps, charters, and local tradition. Of the three hundred names noted, only about sixty appear in Nicolson’s list, and only six in J. B. Johnston’s Place-Names of Scotland. The writer is indebted to Mr William Bremner (“Norseman”), Freswick, and to Mr. George Green, The Breck, John o’ Groats, for helpful descriptions of local place-names; to the Rev. D. Beaton for derivations and and notes marked (D.B.), and for the revision of Gaelic derivations; and particularly to Mr A. W. Johnston and Dr. Jón Stefánsson for Old Norse derivations etc. Mr. D. B. Nicolson’s derivations have been revised by Mr A. W. Johnston, and are marked (J.S.). The author’s derivations (A.). All other derivations, which are not marked, and quotations from, and references to, the Sagas are by Mr. A. W. Johnston, whose examples of Shetland names are taken from J. Jakobsens’s Shetlands?ernes Stedavne, K?benhavn, 1901. The derivations given seem to fit the description and situation of the places mentioned. Old maps and records have been searched for varied spellings of the more prominent names. Some modern and commonplace names have been omi