ppt课件-directed diffusionfor wireless sensor networks c（导演diffusionfor无线传感器网络c）.pptVIP

Sensor Networks: Directed Diffusion and other proposals Sensor Networking – Why ?? Data Collection – A basic need Will the volcano erupt? Need temperature/gas signatures Are poles melting due to GW? Need ocean current data How many enemy tanks crossed through the jungle? Did anyone enter my house while I was away? Human monitoring possible/feasible ? Not always Why not a sensor + RF? Why need processor? Too much data In-network data distillation necessary Sensor Networking -- Vision Sensor Hardware (Glimpse) Sensor Nodes Motivating factors for emergence Applications Moore’s Law in chips, MEMS Advances in wireless technology Challenges Battery technology lagging Canonical Sensor Node contains Sensor(s) to convert a energy form to an electrical impulse e.g., to measure temperature Microprocessor Communications link e.g., wireless Power source e.g., battery Example: Berkeley “Motes” or “Smart Dust” Example Hardware Size Golem Dust: 11.7 cu. mm MICA motes: Few inches Everything on one chip: micro-everything processor, transceiver, battery, sensors, memory, bus MICA: 4 MHz, 40 Kbps, 4 KB SRAM / 512 KB Serial Flash, lasts 7 days at full blast on 2 x AA batteries Examples Types of Sensors Micro-sensors (MEMS, Materials, Circuits) acceleration, vibration, gyroscope, tilt, magnetic, heat, motion, pressure, temp, light, moisture, humidity, barometric, sound Chemical CO, CO2, radon Biological pathogen detectors Actuators too (mirrors, motors, smart surfaces, micro-robots) Sensor Software (TinyOS Glimpse) Programming TinyOS Use a variant of C called NesC NesC defines components A component is either A module A module can be a Clock or LED … Or an user-defined software module Or a configuration set of other components wired together Specifying the unimplemented methods invocation mappings Complete NesC application - one top level configuration Steps in writing/installing your NesC app (applies to MICA Mote) On your PC Write NesC program Compile to