ppt课件-e commerce infrastructure（电子商务基础设施）.pptVIP

eCommerce Technology20-751Lecture 2:eCommerce Infrastructure eCommerce Infrastructure Most of commerce (and eCommerce) is exchange of information, not goods The most efficient way to move information (cost per bit) to a large number of destinations is the Internet Allows point-to-point communication with arbitrary people and companies The Internet is getting bigger fast Internet Host Count 1991-2003 Internet Leverage by Country Bandwidth Review Bit (b) = a unit of information, 0 or 1 10 bits can represent 1024 different messages 20 bits represent 1 million 30 bits 1 billion messages The bandwidth of a communication channel = number of bits per second it transmits All channels have limited bandwidth One byte (B) = 8 bits (an octet) Transmitting 1 MB at 56K bps takes 143 sec. 1 GB = gigabyte takes 40 hours at 7Mbps 19 minutes; at 1 Gbps takes 8 seconds) Latency = delay from first bit transmitted to first received Bandwidth Chart A Structure of the Internet European Interconnection Structure Internet I Network Architecture Fiber Optics Fiber Optic Cables Dense Wave-Division Multiplexing (DWDM) Optical Fiber Capacity Growth 1983-2002 Fiber Optic Lines in Central Philadelphia Submarine Cables in North East Asia Submarine Cables in North East Asia Africa-One Submarine Network Protocols A BizarNet Satellite Coverage Circuit Switching v. Packet Switching Network Topologies More than two computers causes complications: Each machine on a network must have a unique address If machine 2 sends a message to machine 4, what tells 1, 3 and 5 to ignore it, but 4 to listen? Ethernet protocol Routing Routers IPv4 Header Packet Switching (TCP/IP) Packet Switching (TCP/IP) IP Addresses Machines on the Internet need an addressing scheme (or couldn’t receive packets!) Each machine has a 32-bit address assigned by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). In the U.S., American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) In Europe, Réseaux IP Européens (