ppt课件-a b r i e f o v e r v i e w o n e s a l s（b r i f e o v e r i e w o n e s l s）.pptVIP

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2017-01-25 发布于四川
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ppt课件-a b r i e f o v e r v i e w o n e s a l s（b r i f e o v e r i e w o n e s l s）.ppt

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Using ESAL method Pavement damage depends on weight distribution. Weight distribution depends on: Number of axles Weight on each axle Spacing of axles AASHTO developed a method to convert various truck axles configurations weights to one standard Standard = ESAL (Equivalent Single Axle Load) One ESAL is equivalent to an18,000 lb weight on a single axle with dual tires. AASHTO developed equivalency factors based on relative damage caused by an axle type weight compared to the standard ESAL Examples: Single axle (18,000 lbs)= 1.0 ESALs Single axle (12,000 lbs)= 0.23 ESALs Tandem axle (24,000 lb)= 0.32 ESALs Tandem axle (34,000 lbs)= 1.11 ESALs Most trucks contain a combination of axle types loads ESALs for entire truck = sum of ESALs for each axle Many DOT’s have developed average ESAL factors for each truck class based on measurements of trucks throughout state Eliminates need to weigh each truck when doing pavement analysis PennDOT’s average ESAL Factors provided in Publication 242 Class 7 (Triaxle) 4.50 ESALs Class 9 (Tractor Trailer) 1.00 ESALs Previous Method- Publication 23 Costs allocated based on % tonnage hauled by each user Revised Method-Recently Developed Costs allocated based on % ESALs by each user Spring thaw factor Pavement damage from trucks is accelerated during Spring thaw PennDOT developed refined procedure to account for additional damage during Spring thaw period Independent study of pavement found damage during Spring thaw is approximately 2 times the damage during the rest of the year ESALs applied during period of Spring thaw multiplied by damage factor to get equivalent ESALs As you can see from the examples, the # of ESALs depends on how the load is distributed. A tandem axle with 24,000 lbs has a lower ESAL factor than a single 18,000 lb load because the larger load is distributed over 2 (tandem) axles. * * As you can see from the examples, the # of ESALs depends on how the load is distributed. A tandem axle with 24,00