第十章 心理语言学（参考）.pptVIP

Formulation of a linguistic plan Examples: slips of tongue, pen, or computer keyboard Phenomenon: Garden path花园小径 Mechanism: priming启动 正如人们阅读或听到的那样，语言是在线处理的 Garden Path Garden Path sentences are sentences that are initially interpreted with a different structure than they actually have. It typically takes quite a long time to figure out what the other structure is if the first choice turns out to be incorrect. Sometimes people never figure it out. They have been “led up the garden path,” fooled into thinking the sentence has a different structure than it has. Ex. 下雨天留客天留人不留 Would you hit a woman with a baby? “No Id hit her with a brick.“ (E.E.Cummings) Slips of tongue Spoonerism: a actual word or phrase is created, often with a humorous twist to the meaning which was intended. 汉语口误实例 一同学在下面闹，我们老师说：“你给我站到黑板上面去！！”高难度啊。 两个人斗嘴，突然旁边一人冒出来一句：“你们真是吃饱了事情没饭做啊！” ????某君考驾驶证那天，特别紧张。考官为难他，叫他在路边有一个消防栓的地方停车。此君特紧张的说：“报告消防栓，路边有一个考官，停不了车！”????? ? ????有一老师通宵麻将，见黑板没擦，大怒：“今天谁做庄啊？黑板都不擦！” ?? ????有一同事，有天我开车在路上车胎没气了，问哪里有充气的，同事说：“街上到处都是打胎的啊！”???? Phoneme errors Phoneme deletions: speech peach Phoneme exchange: bird watcher word botcher Phoneme cluster exchange: stick in the mud smuck in the tid Syllable errors Syllable exchanges involve the same syllabic positions within the affected words; that is, a word-initial segment swaps with another word-initial segment, and a word-final segment swaps with another word-final segment. Merrill and Fenner Merrer and Fennill Syllable blends: shout+yell shell Word and morpheme errors tank of gas gas of tank Lighter for every purse purse for every lighter Easily enough easy enoughly There’s a good likelihood there’s a good likeness Writing processes The composition process relies on a pool of