TCPIP培训教程文件.ppt

Network Architectures TCP/IP Architecture The TCP/IP Protocol StackTCP/IP协议栈 Chapter 5 Sending a packet from Argon to Neon Sending a packet from Argon to Neon Network Architectures The complexity of the communication task is reduced by using multiple protocol layers: Each protocol is implemented independently; Each protocol is responsible for a specific subtask; Protocols are grouped in a hierarchy(层次）. A structured set of protocols is called a networks architecture or protocol suite （网络体系结构）或（协议组）。 OSI End Nodes and Routers Comparison: OSI and TCP/IP OSI Model versus TCP/IP TCP/IP Architecture The TCP/IP Architecture was defined by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Transparent Design （透明设计） Everything over IP; IP over Everything; Best-effort. （尽最大努力服务） Encapsulation De-capsulation Encapsulation and Demultiplexing Encapsulation and Demultiplexing: Ethernet Header Encapsulation and Demultiplexing: IP Header Encapsulation and Demultiplexing: IP Header Encapsulation and Demultiplexing: TCP Header Encapsulation and Demultiplexing: TCP Header Encapsulation and Demultiplexing: Application data Functions of TCP/IP Layers Layers in the Example Layers in the Example Layers and Services Service provided by TCP to HTTP: reliable transmission of data over a logical connection Service provided by IP to TCP: unreliable transmission of IP datagrams （IP数据报）across an IP network Layers and Services Service provided by Ethernet to IP: transmission of a frame across an Ethernet segment Other services: DNS: translation between domain names and IP addresses ARP: Translation between IP addresses and MAC addresses Layers in the Example Assignment of Protocols to Layers Transport Issues ? Multiplexing The network layer provides communication between two hosts. The transport layer provides communication between two processes* running on different hosts. Layers in the Example Transport Issues ? Multiplexing The transport layer provides a way to multiplex/demultiplex communicatio