重庆市江津市第五中学高中英语学案（重大版）选修五Unit3LivingPlanet5.docVIP

、【使用说明和学法指导】 20分钟独立阅读下面语法规则，并勾划出不懂的地方； 10分钟合作讨论解决疑难； 10分钟点评总结。 一、过去分词作定语用法（Past Participles Used as Attributes） 过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。 He is a teacher loved by his students. 也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如： Fallen leaves retired workers the risen sun 注意以下几点： 1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： We needed much more qualified workers. English is a widely used language. 单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。 They decided to change the material used. 2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. =The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.) 3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词做定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。 Is there anything unsolved? There is noting changed here since I left this town. 4．辨析：过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成；现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系；不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 The Olympic Games,___ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C. 5．练习： 1. Did you attend the meeting ______yesterday? A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held Do you know the name of the play___ in the hall now? A. to be put on B. being put on C. put on D. putting on 3. I borrowed a book ______ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much.. A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write 4. Please don’t forget him. He is one of _______. A. those invited B. invited those C. those inviting D. inviting those 二、过去分词做表语 1．用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示 动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词；被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为 动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。 ①