人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态概要.ppt

现在完成时 八年级下册 时态之二 现在完成时的含义及用法 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法① 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found) 他们在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built) Judy还没到达. (arrive-arrived) 你吃过早饭了吗? (have-had) Have you found your book yet? They have built many buildings in this city. Judy hasn’t arrived yet. Have you had breakfast ? 试一试 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? 常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用. for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子，since+ 时间段+ ago 用for 或since填空 Mr. Brown has had his TV ______15 years. I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. We haven’t used our car _____a long time . She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. for since for since for for since 常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词: already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ? never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自从…以来) I’ve worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…) recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to no