Prentice Hall Biology SLATER SCIENCE霍尔生物学斯莱特科学.pptVIP

Hemophilia X-linked disorder. Two genes that help control blood clotting are found on the X chromosome. Recessive allele of either gene causes hemophilia. A protein necessary for normal blood clotting is missing. Occurs in about 1 in 10,000 males. Treated by injections of clotting proteins. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Sex-linked disorder that results in the progressive weakening and loss of skeletal muscles. In the U.S., 1 in 3,000 males affected. Caused by a defective version of the gene that codes for a muscle protein. caused by Section 14-1 include include include Concept Map Autosomol Disorders Recessive alleles Dominant alleles Codominant alleles Albinism Galactosemia Tay-Sachs disease Huntington’s disease Sickle cell disease Cystic fibrosis Phenylketonuria Achondroplasia Hypercholes- terolemia Blood Types: A, B, AB, O Rh factor: +, - Phenotype (Blood Type Genotype Antigen on Red Blood Cell Safe Transfusions To From Section 14-1 Blood Types Multiple alleles Codominance Symptoms: fever chills rash flank pain or back pain bloody urine fainting or dizziness Treatment: transfusion is stopped corticosteroids antihistamines acetominophen (Tylenol) Transfusion Reaction A circle represents a female. A square represents a male. A horizontal line connecting a male and female represents a marriage. A vertical line and a bracket connect the parents to their children. A half-shaded circle or square indicates that a person is a carrier of the trait. A completely shaded circle or square indicates that a person expresses the trait. A circle or square that is not shaded indicates that a person neither expresses the trait nor is a carrier of the trait. Section 14-1 Figure 14-3 A Pedigree A pedigree chart shows the relationships within a family. From Gene to Molecule Cystic fibrosis – caused by the deletion of three bases in the DNA of the gene resulting in an amino acid (phenylalanine) missing from the protein. The protein produced by the gene is a chloride ion p