Returns to Apprenticeship Training in Austria Evidence from返回奥地利的学徒训练证据.pptVIP

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Returns to Apprenticeship Training in Austria Evidence from返回奥地利的学徒训练证据.ppt

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Returns to Apprenticeship Training in Austria Evidence from返回奥地利的学徒训练证据

Returns to Apprenticeship Training in Austria: Evidence from Failed Firms Josef Fersterer J?rn-Steffen Pischke Rudolf Winter-Ebmer Role of the Apprenticeship System Apprenticeship plays major role in training non-college bound youths in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland Perceived as well functioning system which benefits all participants, often seen as model This implies high returns but suggestive evidence of important selection effects Our Identification Strategy Use exit of training firms to construct an instrument for length of training No comparison of apprentices with non-apprentices Exit of a firm may cut short apprenticeship for some apprentices Use potential duration in failing firm as instrument for total training Identifying assumption: Apprentices that joined 1 to 4 years before failure are similar The Austrian Education System Apprenticeship in the Dual System 40 percent of cohort complete an apprenticeship Firm based training in a prescribed occupation One day a week in state-run vocational school Length 2 to 4 years but 88 percent of contracts for 3 or 3.5 years Training firms have to be approved, external exams for apprentices Apprentices receive a wage (starting low but can rise to 80 percent of skilled worker wage) Dropouts in the Apprenticeship System About 10 to 18 of apprentices drop out of apprenticeship early About a third of apprentices had more than one apprenticeship contract Exam pass rate: 85 percent 90 percent after repeat attempts The Data Universe of employment records of the Austrian Social Security Administration 1975 – 1998 Firm exit: employer identifier ceases to exist not more than 70 percent of employees continue under new firm id Estimation sample: Firms with less than 25 percent employment decline in six months before quarter of failure Data on Individuals Identify individuals in failing firms Only use those who joined failing firm within 15 quarters before failure Only men Daily wage Neglect top-coding due to contribution m