Review Early Dynasties Orange County Public Schools评早王朝橘郡公立学校.pptVIP

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Review Early Dynasties Orange County Public Schools评早王朝橘郡公立学校.ppt

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Review Early Dynasties Orange County Public Schools评早王朝橘郡公立学校

Tang Song Review Early Dynasties Shang Dynasty1766-1122 Zhou Dynasty1122-221 Last 400yrs - warring states Qin Dynasty 221 -206 BCE Shi huangdi (1st emperor) Legalist philosophy First coinage, writing system, Censorship Lasts 15 years China- in 2,000 years - 23 dynasties - 9 important ones Han Dynasty Han Dynasty (classical era) Confucian based society Merit system-bureaucrats Paper porcelain invented For 400 years after fall of Han - time of great troubles… Buddhism becomes popular in this period Tang Dynasty (618-918) Sui unite China - rule for 30 years Tang Increased boundaries Heavy dependence on Militarism Tang Taizong the grand emperor Rise of Tang First emperor minister (Wei Zheng)- model of good rule Imperial power and moral restraint in theory - in practice hard to maintain Tang Trade commerce grow Printing Arts- focus on landscape/nature Gun powder Woodblock printing Capital city Chang’an (eternal peace) 24 mile walled city Artistic / commercial invention continues in Song era Empress Wu Ruled for 50 years - 705 Biggest challenge deal with scholar/gentry and old aristocrats Economy remained strong! Econ- equal land system Civil exam system Blow to noble class Social mobility Confucianism as official philosophy = cultural literacy uniting China Buddhism - why the backlash? Around 845... Tang Xuanzong (The Profound Emperor) and Consort Yang Decline of Tang - Losing the Mandate of Heaven Xuanzong (Empress Wu’s grandson) Patron of arts Decline due to lack of morality? Blame consort- during rebellion, soldiers want her head - he gives it to them He abdicates Other reasons for decline 751 - loss to Arabs at Talas Equal land system breaks down Poor attention to canal irrigation systems Nomadic attacks Moral: China’s view Centralization = unity = peace (stability) Decentralization = civil war Song Dynasty 960-1279 Rise - 907 960 saw the fragmentation of China into five northern dynasties and ten southern kingdoms until Song unify CHARACTERISTICS Sc