Taconic Orogeny in Pennsylvania A ~15 –20 m.y. Apennine-style Ordovician event viewed from its Martic hinterland.pdfVIP

Taconic Orogeny in Pennsylvania A ~15 –20 m.y. Apennine-style Ordovician event viewed from its Martic hinterland.pdf

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Taconic Orogeny in Pennsylvania A ~15 –20 m.y. Apennine-style Ordovician event viewed from its Martic hinterland.pdf

Journal of Structural Geology 31 (2009) 887–899 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Structural Geology journal homepage: /locate/jsg Taconic Orogeny in Pennsylvania: A w15 –20 m.y. Apennine-style Ordovician event viewed from its Martic hinterland Donald U. Wise a,*, G. Robert Ganis b a Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002, USA b Consulting Geologist, PO 6128, Harrisburg, PA 17111, USA article info Article history: Received 15 June 2007 Received in revised form 5 March 2008 Accepted 23 March 2008 Available online 11 April 2008 Keywords: Taconic Nappe Pennsylvania Martic Appalachian Carbonate Apennine abstract In Pennsylvania, the Taconic Orogeny lasted from w461 to w443 Ma as Cambro-Ordovician slope deposits were deformed into mountains edging the Laurentian craton at the same time that materials from an adjacent deep-water basin were being transported w50 –70 km across a carbonate platform into foreland basins. This paper focuses on shelf-edge hinterland features, mostly the Martic Zone as a folded, stack of imbricate thrust sheets of slope materials that corresponds to Vermont’s Taconic Mountains and Southern Quebec’s zone of Taconic allochthons. Work of the last century is summarized, corrected, and combined with a new w450 Ma radiometric date and ?uid inclusion data from the Pequea Mine within the Martic Zone. These and abundant new graptolite and conodont dates in the foreland paint a revised Pennsylvania picture differing from the northern Taconic areas. Differences are: (1) transport of very large allochthonous masses of deep-water material, the Dauphin Formation, far across the carbonate platform, and (2) deformation migrating progressively across that platform during a w15 –20 m.y. period, incorporating it and its foreland cover into alpine-scale, recumbent folds and thrusts. The scenario has many analogies to Italy’s modern Apennine Mountains minus the Latian volcanics. ó 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights re

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