华南理工大学《机械制造技术基础》chapter4-section2new.pptxVIP

4.2 Grinding machines Grinding is the most important of the abrasive processes ,and it is the most common of all metalworking operations. Grinding is traditionally used to finish parts whose geometries have already been created by other operations. In addition to these traditional uses, applications of grinding are expanding to include more high-speed , high-material-removal operations. Compare to other machining , abrasive machining processes have three characteristics. 1 each cutting edge is very small , and many of these edges can cut simultaneously. 2 extremely hard abrasive grits can be produced , including diamonds, very hard materials such as hardened steel, glass, carbides, and ceramics . 3 In grinding , you have no control over the actual tool geometry (rake angles, cutting edge radius) or all the cutting parameters (depth of cut) Cylindrical grinding operations can be divided into two basic types : external cylindrical grinding and internal cylindrical grinding . (1) cylindrical center-type grinders Cylindrical center-type grinders are used for grinding straight and tapered round pieces , round parts with curved lengthwise profiles, fillets, shoulders , and faces . The size of a cylindrical center-type grinding machine is usually designated by the diameter in millimeters and length in millimeters the largest workpiece the machine can nominally take between centers . A universal cylindrical centre-type grinder 1, bed; 2, headstock; 3,auxiliary wheelhead 4, wheelhead; 5 foothead; saddle; 7, handwheel; 8, worktable Video (津上精密数控磨床加工_halfok.flv) Movements of an external cylindrical grinding machine (2) Internal cylindrical grinding An internal cylindrical grinding operates somewhat like a boring operation . The workpiece is usually held in a chuck and rotated to provide surface speeds of 23 to 60 m/min . The wheel spindles is rotated at 3000 rpm or higher. 1, bed; 2, worktable; 3,headstock; 4, whee