不同材质换热管低温腐蚀研究.docVIP

不同材质换热管低温腐蚀研究 　　摘 要： 由于含硫燃料燃烧后易造成锅炉尾部受热面低温酸腐蚀，影响设备使用寿命，因此烟温区域必须选择不同耐腐蚀材料，以确保设备正常运行.依据酸露点温度计算结果及实际工程运行经验，提出了界限温度概念，即在尾部排烟酸露点温度基础上增加5～10℃后的温度.在管外壁温度高于界限温度的烟温区，受热面材料可选择碳钢；在管外壁温度低于界限温度30～40℃的烟温区，受热面材料可选择ND钢或316 L等不锈钢；若管外壁温度进一步降低，则需要选择双相不锈钢、塑钢管等特殊材料.采用试验手段研究了在硫酸质量分数不同时不同材质换热管的耐腐蚀性，试验结果显示：随着硫酸质量分数增大，硫酸腐蚀性增强；而316 L不锈钢在硫酸质量分数不同时都表现出良好的耐腐蚀性. 　　关键词： 低温腐蚀； 酸露点； 界限温度； 耐腐蚀试验 　　中图分类号： TK 172文献标志码： A 　　文章编号： 1008-8857（2016）03-0176-05 　　Abstract： Due to the burning of fuels containing sulfur，lowtemperature acid corrosion occurred on the boiler tail heating surface，which affected its service life.Therefore，different corrosionresistant materials should be selected for different zones where the flue gas temperature was different to ensure its normal operation.Based on the theoretical calculation and practical engineering experience，the critical temperature was proposed，which was 5～10℃ higher than the acid dew point temperature.When the wall temperature outside the tube was higher than the critical temperature，carbon steel could be used in this zone.When it was 30～40℃ lower than the critical temperature，ND or 316L stainless steel was the right choice.Duplex stainless steel or steel pipe coated with plastics was the final choice when it was lower further.The corrosion resistant tests of heat exchanger tube with different materials were conducted with different mass concentrations of sulfuric acid.The experimental results showed that the corrosion of sulfuric acid was enhanced when the concentration of sulfuric acid increased.316L stainless steel showed good property of corrosion resistance at different concentrations of sulfuric acid. 　　Keywords： lowtemperature corrosion； acid dew point； critical temperature； corrosion resistance test 　　火电机组在我国装机容量中所占比重超过70%.各电厂为降低排烟温度，减少排烟损失，同时提高下游脱硫除尘效率，优化电厂运行经济性，大多考虑在尾部烟道加装烟气换热器.但是随着烟温降低，尾部低温受热面区域低温腐蚀也随之出现. 　　烟气低温腐蚀是指锅炉低温烟气中的水蒸气、硫酸蒸气凝结至锅炉低温受热面上，与传热管金属发生化学反应，造成传热管壁厚腐蚀减薄失效损坏[1].由于燃料中含硫，硫在炉膛中燃烧生成二氧化硫（SO2），少量二氧化硫进一步氧化生成三氧化硫（SO3），三氧化硫与烟气中水蒸气反应