IFY Arithmetic Sequences and Series.pptVIP

Arithmetic Sequences and Series Arithmetic Sequences and Series Arithmetic Sequences and Series IFY Maths A sequence is arithmetic if each term – the previous term = d where d is a constant e.g. For the sequence d = 2nd term – 1st term = 3rd term – 2nd term . . . = 2 Arithmetic Sequence The 1st term of an arithmetic sequence is given the letter a. Arithmetic Sequence An arithmetic sequence is of the form Notice that the 4th term has 3d added so, for example, the 20th term will be The nth term of an Arithmetic Sequence is An arithmetic sequence is sometimes called an Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) Arithmetic Series When the terms of a sequence are added we get a series e.g. The sequence gives the series The Sum of an Arithmetic Series We can derive a formula that can be used for finding the sum of the terms of an arithmetic series Arithmetic Series e.g. Find the sum of the 1st 10 terms of the series Solution: Writing out all 10 terms we have Adding the 1st and last terms gives 11. Adding the 2nd and next to last terms gives 11. The 10 terms give 5 pairs of size 11 ( = 55 ). Writing this as a formula we have where l is the last term For any arithmetic series, the sum of n terms is given by Substituting for l in the formula for the sum gives an alternative form: Since the last term is also the nth term, SUMMARY The sum of n terms of an arithmetic series is given by An arithmetic sequence is of the form The nth term is or e.g.1 Find the 20th term and the sum of 20 terms of the series: 2 + 5 + 8 + 11 + 14 + 17 + . . . Solution: The series is arithmetic. where Either or e.g.2 The common difference of an arithmetic series is -3 and the sum of the first 30 terms is 255. Find the 1st term. Solution: Exercises 1. The 1st term of an A.P. is 20 and the sum of 16 terms is 280. Find the last term and the common difference. 2. Solution: Find the sum of the series given by We can see the series is arithmetic so, Substituting n = 1