支氣管哮喘过敏鼻炎荨麻疹湿疹.pptVIP

支气管哮喘 过敏性鼻炎 荨麻疹 湿疹 Bronchial Asthma支气管哮喘 Overview(概述) Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. Cells: eosinophil, mast cell, T cell , neutrophil and epithelial cells,etc. 支气管哮喘是由多种细胞（如噬酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、气道上皮细胞等）和细胞组分参与的气道慢性炎症性疾病。 Overview(概述) Chronic inflammation leads to broncho-hy-perreactivity and recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning . 这种慢性炎症导致气道高反应性的增加，并引起反复发作性的喘息、气急、胸闷或咳嗽等症状，常在夜间或清晨发作、加剧. 诊断 气道高反应性为特征 典型的哮喘发作时：胸闷、呼吸困难、 伴咳嗽、咯痰等症状。 多在夜间发作； 肺部听及吹口哨声音，满布哮鸣音。 哮喘发作前几分钟往往有过敏症状：如 鼻痒、眼睛痒、打喷嚏、流涕、流泪和 干咳等。 诊断 不典型的哮喘：主要表现为长期反复干咳，咽痒，胸闷不适，常发生在，影响睡眠，一般消炎止咳治疗无效。 Understanding of Modern Medicine(Etiology)现代医学的认识（病因） Genetic Factor( Polygenic Inheritance) 遗传因素（多基因遗传） Shooting Factor(Allergic Constitution and External Factors) 激发因素（个体过敏体质及外界环境的影响是发病的危险因素） Pathogenesis(发病机制) Immune-inflammation mechanism 免疫—炎症机制 Neural mechanism 神经机制 Airway hyperreactivity mechanism 气道高反应性机制 Understanding of TCM（中医的认识） Bronchial asthma belongs to asthma syndrome or dyspnea syndrome of TCM. 支气管哮喘属于中医学的“哮证”、“喘证”范畴。 The name of asthma wao first created by Zhudanxi.He made a special articles in the Dan Xi Xin Fa. 朱丹溪首创哮喘之名，在《丹溪心法》一书中作为专篇论述。 Related Viscera and Meridians相关的脏腑、经络 The disease location is in the lung,mainly impact the spleen and kidney. 病位在肺，主要关系到脾肾。 Related meridians(相关的经络）: lung meridian 肺经 large intestine meridian 大肠经 heart meridian 心经 kidney meridian 肾经 Liver meridian 肝经 Therapeutic Principle(治疗原则) Treating the branch in attacking stage,treatment the root in remission stage-the basic therapeutic principle of this disease 发时治标、平时治本是治疗哮喘的最基本原则。 Acupuncture and Moxibustion Therapy(针灸治疗) Acupuncture treatment of asthma is in a very wide range of clinical applications.the effective rate of the ther