高中英语语法词法知识讲解—虚拟语气：.docVIP

高中英语语法词法知识详解——虚拟语气一、动词的语气和种类: 语气(mood) 是一种动词的形式，用以表示讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气(mood)有三种， 分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。1.陈述语气(indicative mood): 陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问，主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。?eg. ① Where there is a will, theres a way. 有志者事竟成。 ④ China lies in the east of Asia. ② Can you help me carry the box upstairs你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？③ How I missed the life in the countryside!我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气(imperative mood): 祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。eg. ① Come this way, please! 请这边走。 ② Dont make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？③ Do be careful when crossing the street.过马路时一定要小心。 ④ Make yourself at home.3.虚拟语气(subjunctive mood): 虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood), 又称假设语气, 是谓语动词的一种形式, 表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反, 在现实中并不存在, 或实现的可能性很小。虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令、猜测、可能或主观打算等的一种语气,是每年高考必考的一个语法项目。eg. ① If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。② I wish it were spring all the year round.但愿四季如春。④ We only wish we could help. (表愿望)③ May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！⑤ If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. (表假设) ⑥ He suggested that we should all go to see the film.(表建议) 二、虚拟语气的形式:(1) 动词原形, 用于一切人称和数。eg. ① Long live the Communist Party of China!② If that be so, we shall take action at once.(2) 动词的过去式, 用于一切人称和数, be的过去式用were。eg. ① If you loved me, you wouldn’t say that.② If I were you in your shoes, I’d accept the terms.(3) had + 过去分词, 用于一切人称和数。eg. ① We would have called a cab, if Harold hadn’t offered us a ride home. 假如哈罗德没有驾车送我们回家，我们就得叫出租汽车了。② If we had left earlier, we wouldn’t have missed the train.(4)助动词(should) +动词原形, 用于一切人称和数。eg. ① They suggested that we (should) meet at the station.② If you should see Celia, give her my best wishes.(5) 助动词(should) + have + 过去分词, 用于一切人称和数。eg. ① If the steamer (should) have left port at noon, it will be passing through the canal now.② It is strange that she (should) have done it.(6) 助动词should(第一人称)和would(第二、三人称)+动词原形eg. ① If I were you, I should take his advice.② He said he would go if I went.(7) 助动词s