Minireview- The Neuroendocrine Regulation of Puberty- Is the Time Ripe for a Systems Biology Approach的论文.docVIP

　　Minireview: The Neuroendocrine Regulation of Puberty: Is the Time Ripe for a Systems Biology Approach的论文 【关键词】 puberty division of neuroscience (s.r.o., a.l., c.m., c.r., a.-s.p., v.m., a.e.m.), oregon national primate research center/oregon health and science university, beaverton, oregon 97006 hospital for children and adolescents (s.h.), university of leipzig, 04317 leipzig, germany abstract the initiation of mammalian puberty requires an increase in pulsatile release of gnrh from the hypothalamus. this increase is brought about by coordinated changes in transsynaptic and glial-neuronal munication. as the neuronal and glial excitatory inputs to the gnrh neuronal s most prevalently involved in this process use glutamate and the peptide kisspeptin for neurotransmission/neuromodulation, ost important inhibitory inputs are provided by -aminobutyric acid (gaba)ergic and opiatergic neurons. glial cells, on the other hand, facilitate gnrh secretion via groay require a hierarchical arrangement. one level of coordination appears to be provided by a host of unrelated genes encoding proteins required for cell-cell munication. a second, but overlapping, level might be provided by a second tier of genes engaged in specific cell functions required for productive cell-cell interaction. a third and higher level of control involves the transcriptional regulation of these subordinate genes by a handful of upper echelon genes that, operating al and deranged puberty are polygenic rather than specified by a single gene. the availability of improved high-throughput techniques and putational methods for global analysis of mrnas and proteins atic identification of the different ponents of this neuroendocrine ammals, including humans, developmental changes in gonadotropin secretion are controlled by changes in pulsatile release of gnrh. at puberty, pulsatile gonadotropin secretion increases in a diurnal fashion, initially characterized in humans (1), but that also occurs in other