第一讲-导读和翻译概述.pptVIP

英语专业笔译（一）;1. Requirements This course aims at cultivating students’ ability of translating between Chinese-English, the ability to understand and master some basic theories and techniques about translation. ;《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》 2000 年 3 月修订本 指出笔译课的主要目的在于使学生具备笔头翻译的基本能力。 通过介绍各类文体语言的特点， 汉英两种语言的对比和分析以及各种不同文体的翻译方法， 使学生掌握英汉双语翻译的基本理论， 掌握英汉词语、长句及各种文体的翻译技巧和英汉互译的能力。;To pass this course, students must attain an average of 60% in the following categories: Participating: 10% Homework: 20% Tests: 70% Classroom polices: Late work: Copying and Plagiarism: ;2. Teaching arrangement 16周: 每周2个课时 3. 学习辅助网站 / / / / ;/ .uk/ http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/ / 02/JustTheWord/ /index_gb.html / /YuLiao_Contents.Asp;4. 授课方法： 理论与实践相结合；课堂练习和课后练习相结合。 作业?：（一部分同学）电子版和（其他同学）纸质版， 电子版供课上评讲，纸质版以备检查。 各班负责人尽快提供E-MAIL地址和班级学生名单。 5. 教材：《汉英互译实践与技巧》 许建平编著 清华大学出版社，共16 单元 要求每周至少阅读一个单元。;第一讲：翻译概述;1. What is translation?(翻译的定义);The definition is: Translation is a rendering from one language into another, i.e., the faithful representation in one language of what is written or said in another language. To be more exact, in Nida’s words 美国翻译理论家Eugene A. Nida：所谓翻译，是指在译语中用最切近而又自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先在语义上，其次在文体上。;Alexander Fraser Tytler: 好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言，以使译入语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受，如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。(泰特勒，1790) A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country to which that language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work.;综合各家之长: 翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来，以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社会文明，特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。 Translation is an activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language.;2. Criteria of Translation 严复：信、达、雅 “faithfulness”, “expressiveness”, and “elegance” or “refinement”) raised by Yan Fu (1854—1921). 《天演论 译例言》Evolution and Ethics ： “译”事三难：信、达、雅。求其信，已大难矣。顾信矣不达，虽译犹不译也，则达尚焉。;如何翻译如下句子： 1) 五讲、四美、三热爱。 2) 您吃了吗？ 3) “您的英