第一讲的主题句结尾句常见错误及用法.pptVIP

写作能力的提高是一个日积月累、循序渐进的过程，难以通过捷径“速成”。考试意义上的写作则受到考试时间、大规模判卷等客观因素的制约，这种种制约又通过试卷的命题形式直接对作文字数以及通过提纲、提示和图表对写作内容及短文展开方向等作出限制。这些限制便使本无“诀窍”可循的写作有了“套路”、“模式”、“捷径”和“章法”。 ;;历年真题剖析高分最基本要素：内容；结构；用词;1. 主题句基本概念;If a person expects to do things successfully, he should have confidence. It is confidence that enables a person to face the obstacles or drawback that stand in his way. In fact, one can hardly accomplish anything if he has doubt about his ability in what he does. When one’s confidence is shaken, he tends to become discouraged and depressed and chances are that he may fail to do what he could. In contrast, a person who never loses heart will succeed in what seems impossible.;并非所有句子都能充当主题句。例如;这些句子要么缺少能进一步讨论的话题，或者没有围绕话题待展开的内容，因此不具备主题句的功能。; Pronouncing a language is a skill. (可解答);主题句多见于段首。这样，既可以突出要点，使读者从一开始就可以明了段落的主题和中心思想；也利于作者有效地组织段落，控制段落内容，提醒作者紧扣主题。有时主题句也可能位于段落的中间。这种位置利于先举事例，然后于段落中间部分用主题句综合概括，接着进一步举例和引深说明。段尾主题句主要是对前文进行总结和概括。或者为了突出具体内容，引起读者的思考和兴趣，也可将主题句置于段尾。;（1）直接表达式;On Making Friends;The “Project Hope”;（2）强调式;On Making Friends; The “Project Hope”;（3）条件句式;If a person wants to live a happy life, he should have some friends.;了解了主题句的概念和作用，为写好主题句作文打下了基础。但怎样才能由主题句有效展开段落，是不少学习者颇为头疼的问题。虽然知道主题句是段落中最具概括性的句子，后面的句子应该是起支撑作用的、描叙或讨论细节的拓展句，但究竟如何拓展法，还是朦朦胧胧，不得要领。;1) 解答法;2) 逐句问答法：;3) 分项阐述法;4) 两点法;I have learned English for almost ten years, but it is difficult for me to have a good command of the language. For one thing, I just learn English by memorizing many rules. Rules are important. But rules don’t always tell us how to use English properly in given situation. For another, I fail to understand that the study of a language is to communicate rather than compete for good grades. Admittedly, I have a comparatively large vocabulary, but I often feel at a loss for words when I try to speak or write. In fact, to learn a language is not so difficult, but to apply what one has learned about a language is far from easy. ;5）反证法;Electricity plays a very important part to our modern society. A worl