9.人体解剖学-面部和头皮face and scalp.pptVIP

Innervations of the scalp Anterior to the auricles ---- branches of all three divisions of CNV Posterior to the auricles ---- spinal cutaneous nerves of the cervical plexus Arterial supply of scalp Branches of ECA and ICA Occipital a Posterior auricular a Superficial temporal a Supratrochlear a. supraorbital a. * It is the sphincter muscle of the eye. Its fibers sweep in concentric circles around the orbital margin and in the eyelids. Contraction of its fibers narrows the orbital opening and encourages the flow of tears by helping to empty the lacrimal sac It is the muscle of the eyelids. The function of the eyelids is to protect the eye and to keep the cornea moist * There are several muscles that alter the shape of the mouth and lips. The most important M is the orbicularis oris M The orbicularis oris muscle is the sphincter M of the mouth. Its fibers lying within the lips encircle the mouth.The act of this muscle is close the mouth, purses the lips,and plays important role in articulation and mastication. In association with the buccinator muscle, it helps to hold food between the teeth during mastication. Depressor anguli oris M and Zygomaticus major (minor)M , Levator labii superioris M. * Facial artery the chief major arterial supply to the face.It Arises from the external carotid artery, runs upwards and forwards, turns round the inferior border of mandible.It appears at just anterior to the masseter muscle. In its courses over the face to medial canthus of the eye. The facial artery crosses the mandible, lateral to the angle of the mouth and wing of the nose. The facial artery sends branches to the upper and lower lips, the side of the nose, and terminates as the angular artery at the medial canthus.Anastomosis occurs between branches of left and right facial arteries. * , * The major cutaneous branches of the face are: Branches of trigeminal nerve CNⅤ The cutaneous branches of the ophthalmic nerve (CNⅤ1) Supraorbital arises from frontal nerve