5.人体解剖学-颈后三角posterior triangle of neck.pptVIP

Nerves of posterior triangle Dissection Remove the subcutaneous tissue and the investing layer of deep fascia : sparing most of the platysma and the cutaneous nerves. Between the trapezius (in the posterior cervical region) and the SCM, the prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia forms the floor of the lateral cervical region. The spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) is the only motor nerve superficial to this fascia. Deep dissection The investing layer of the deep cervical fascia has been removed. Although the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) is superficial to it, the brachial plexus and motor nerves of the cervical plexus run deep to the prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia that covers the floor of the triangle. Main contents in posterior △ Muscles scalenus anterior, medius, posterior; levator scapulae, splenius Nerves : cervical plexus, brachial plexus (root of neck), and accessory N. Vessels external jugular vein, subclavian a and its branches v (root of neck) and thyrocervical trunk Cervical lymph nodes . Muscles in the posterior △ The floor of the posterior △ of neck is formed by scalenus anterior, medius , posterior , levator scapulae, splenius . The scalenus anterior is key structure scalenus (anterior, medius, posterior)spleniuslevator scapulare Scalenus space is bounded by the scalenus anterior and medius and 1st rib. The brachial plexus and subclavian a. pass through the space. Scalenus space The accessory nerve CNⅪ crosses the posterior △ , superficial to the deep fascia covering the floor The accessory nerve CNⅪ a motor nerve supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle the trapezius muscle Cervical nerve plexus This plexus is formed by 1st to 4th cervical nerves. Cervical nerve plexus Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus The lesser occipital nerve supplies the scalp posterior to the auricle. The great auricular nerve supplies the skin superficial to the parotid gland and the mandibular angle. The transverse cervical ne