Application of Kernel Density Estimation in Lamb Wave-Based Damage Detection英文文献资料.docVIP

HindawiPublishingCorporation MathematicalProblemsinEngineering Volume2012,ArticleID406521,24pages doi:10.1155/2012/406521 ResearchArticle Application ofKernelDensityEstimation inLamb Wave-BasedDamageDetection LongYu andZhongqingSu 1 2 1School of Mechanics and Civil Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710129,China 2Department ofMechanical Engineering, TheHongKongPolytechnic University,HongKong Correspondence shouldbeaddressedtoLongYu,yulong@ Received13April2012;Revised15June2012;Accepted 20June2012 Academic Editor:Alessandro Marzani Copyright q2012L.YuandZ.Su. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,distribution, andreproduction in anymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Thepresentworkconcerns theestimation oftheprobability densityfunction p.d.f.ofmeasured dataintheLamb wave-based damage detection. Although therewasanumber ofresearchwork which focused ontheconsensus algorithm ofcombining alltheresultsofindividual sensors, the p.d.f. of measured data, which was the fundamental part of the probability-based method, was stillgivenbyexperience inexistingwork.Basedontheanalysisaboutthenoise-induced errorsin measured data,itwaslearned thatthetypeofdistribution wasrelated withthelevelofnoise. In thecaseofweaknoise,thep.d.f.ofmeasureddatacouldbeconsideredasthenormaldistribution. The empirical methods could give satis?ed estimating results. However, in the case of strong noise, the p.d.f. was complex and did not belong to any type of common distribution function. Nonparametric methods, therefore, were needed. As the most popular nonparametric method, kernel density estimation wasintroduced. Inordertodemonstrate theperformance ofthekernel density estimation methods, anumerical modelwasbuilttogenerate thesignals ofLambwaves. Three levels of white Gaussian noise were intentionally added into the simulate