Assessment of Damage to Nucleic Acids and Repair Machinery in Salmonella typhimurium Exposed to Chlorine英文文献资料.docVIP

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Assessment of Damage to Nucleic Acids and Repair Machinery in Salmonella typhimurium Exposed to Chlorine英文文献资料.doc

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Assessment of Damage to Nucleic Acids and Repair Machinery in Salmonella typhimurium Exposed to Chlorine英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofMicrobiology Volume2009,ArticleID201868,5pages doi:10.1155/2009/201868 ResearchArticle AssessmentofDamagetoNucleicAcidsandRepairMachineryin SalmonellatyphimuriumExposedtoChlorine M.H.Phe,M.HajjChehade,H.Guilloteau,C.Merlin,andJ.C.Block LaboratoiredeChimiePhysiqueetMicrobiologiepourl’Environnement(LCPME),UMR7564CNRS,Nancy-Universit′e, 405ruedeVandoeuvre,54600Villers-l`es-Nancy,France CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoJ.C.Block,block@pharma.uhp-nancy.fr Received24September2008;Revised14March2009;Accepted13April2009 RecommendedbyThomasL.Kieft Water disinfection is usually evaluated using mandatory methods based on cell culturability. However, such methods do not considerthepotentialofcellstorecover,whichshouldalsobekeptaslowaspossible.Inthispaper,wehypothesizedthata successful disinfection is achieved only when the applied chlorine leads to both intracellular nucleic acid damage and strong alterationsoftheDNArepairmachinery.MonitoringtheSOSsystemresponsivenesswithaumuC’-‘lacZreporterfusion,wefound thattheexpressionofthisimportantcellularmachinerywasalteredafterthebeginningofmembranepermeabilizationbutprior tothetotaldeclineofboththecellculturabilityandthenucleicacidintegrityasrevealedbySybr-IIstaining.Rapidmeasurementof suchnucleicacidalterationsby?uorochrome-basedstainingcouldbeusedasanalternativemethodforassessingthee?ectiveness ofdisinfectionwithchlorine. Copyright?2009M.H.Pheetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. 1.Introduction processhavenotbeende?nedyet,and(ii)becausethereisno accurateandrapidmethodcurrentlyavailablefordetecting irreversibleinjuriestobeusedasanindicatoroftreatment e?ectiveness. Chlorine (a mixture of HClO and ClO ) is the most ? widely used bactericidal agent for disinfection of drinking waters. Chlorine reacts with various biological molecules: