Asymptotic Upper and Lower Estimates of a Class of Positive Solutions of a Discrete Linear Equation with a Single Delay英文文献资料.docVIP

HindawiPublishingCorporation AbstractandAppliedAnalysis Volume2012,ArticleID764351,12pages doi:10.1155/2012/764351 ResearchArticle Asymptotic UpperandLowerEstimates ofaClassofPositiveSolutionsofaDiscreteLinear EquationwithaSingleDelay J.Dibl′?k1,2andI.Hlavicˇkova′ 2 1Department ofMathematics andDescriptive Geometry,FacultyofCivilEngineering, BrnoUniversity ofTechnology,60200Brno,CzechRepublic 2Department ofMathematics, FacultyofElectricalEngineering andCommunication, BrnoUniversity ofTechnology,61600Brno,CzechRepublic Correspondence shouldbeaddressedtoJ.Dibl′?k,diblik@feec.vutbr.cz Received20February2012;Accepted 1March2012 Academic Editor:ElenaBraverman Copyright q2012J.Dibl′?kandI.Hlaviˇckov′a. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction inanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. We study a frequently investigated class of linear di?erence equations Δvn  ?pnvn?k with apositive coe?cient pnand asingle delay k.Recently,itwas proved that ifthe function pnisbounded abovebyacertainfunction, thenthereexistsapositive vanishing solution ofthe considered equation, and the upper bound was found. Here we improve this result by ?nding eventhelowerboundforthepositivesolution,supposingthefunctionpnisboundedaboveand belowbycertainfunctions. 1.Introduction Throughoutthispaper,weusethefollowingnotation:foranintegerq,wede?ne  Z∞q :q,q1,... . 1.1 Weinvestigatetheasymptoticbehaviorasn → ∞ofthesolutionsofthediscretedelayed equationofthek1-thorder Δvn?pnvn?k, 1.2  2 AbstractandAppliedAnalysis wherenistheindependentvariableassumingvaluesfromthesetZ∞a witha?xeda ∈ N  {0,1,2,...}.Thenumberk∈N, k≥1isthe?xeddelay,Δvnvn1?vn,andp:Z∞ → a R0,∞. Alongwith1.2,weconsiderk1initialconditions vas?kvas?k ∈R, 0,1,...,k. 1.3 s Initial problem 1.2, 1.3 obviously has a unique solution, de?ned