C-peptide and Central Nervous System Complications in Diabetes英文文献资料.docVIP

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C-peptide and Central Nervous System Complications in Diabetes英文文献资料.doc

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C-peptide and Central Nervous System Complications in Diabetes英文文献资料

ExperimentalDiab.Res.,5:79–90,2004 Copyrightc TaylorandFrancisInc. ISSN:1543-8600print/1543-8619online DOI:10.1080/15438600490424550 C-peptideandCentralNervousSystemComplications inDiabetes Zhen-guoLi1,3andAndersA.F.Sima1,2,3 Departmentsof1Pathology,2Neurology,and3MorrisJ.HoodJr.ComprehensiveDiabetesCenter, WayneStateUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Detroit,Michigan,USA INTRODUCTION Substantialevidencecollectedfromclinicaldataandex- perimental studies has indicated that CNS is not spared fromdiabetescomplications.ImpairmentsinCNSfunction are well documented in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients as well as in various animal models of diabetes, intermsofalterationsincognition,neuropsychology,neu- robehavior, electrophysiology, structure, neurochemistry and apoptotic activities. These data suggest that primary diabeticencephalopathyexistsasade?nablediabeticcom- plication.ThemechanismsunderlyingthisCNScomplica- tionarenotclear.Experimentalstudieshavesuggestedthat neuronalapoptosismayplayanimportantroleinneuronal lossandimpairedcognitivefunction.Indiabetesmultiple factorsareresponsibleforneuronalapoptosis,suchasaper- turbedIGFsystem,hyperglycemiaandtheagingprocess itself.Recentdatasuggestthatinsulin/C-peptidede?ciency may exert an eminent role. Administration of C-peptide partially corrects the perturbed IGF system in the brain andpreventsneuronalapoptosisinhippocampusoftype1 diabetes.InneuroblastomaSH-SY5YcellsC-peptidepro- videsadose-dependentstimulationoncellproliferationand ananti-apoptoticeffectaswell.Thesestudiesprovideaba- sisforadministrationofC-peptideasapotentiallyeffective therapyfortype1diabetes. Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder affecting many systems,includingmuscle,retina,kidney,bloodvessels(small and large vessels), and the nervous system. With respect to thenervoussystem,theperipheralnervoussystem(PNS)has traditionallybeenconsideredasthesolenervoussystemcom- plicationindiabetes,whereasthecentralnervoussystem(CNS) wasbelievedtobesparedfromdiabet