C-Peptide A New Mediator of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes英文文献资料.docVIP

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C-Peptide A New Mediator of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes英文文献资料.doc

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C-Peptide A New Mediator of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation MediatorsofIn?ammation Volume2012,ArticleID858692,8pages doi:10.1155/2012/858692 ReviewArticle C-Peptide:ANewMediatorofAtherosclerosisinDiabetes DusicaVasicandDanielWalcher DepartmentofInternalMedicineII-Cardiology,UniversityofUlm,Albert-Einstein-Allee11,89081Ulm,Germany CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoDanielWalcher,daniel.walcher@uniklinik-ulm.de Received30November2011;Revised11January2012;Accepted11January2012 AcademicEditor:FabrizioMontecucco Copyright?2012D.VasicandD.Walcher.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Diabetestype2andinsulinresistancearetheriskfactorsforcardiovasculardisease.Itisalreadyknownthatatherosclerosisisan in?ammatorydisease,andalotofdi?erentfactorsareinvolvedinitsonset.C-peptideisacleavageproductofproinsulin,anactive substancewithanumberofe?ectswithindi?erentcomplicationsofdiabetes.InthispaperwediscusstheroleofC-peptideand itse?ectsinthedevelopmentofatherosclerosisintype2diabeticpatients. 1.Introduction canbesignallingstationinthecell,thoughC-peptidemight achieveitscellulare?ects[10]. C-peptideisasmall31-aminoacidpeptide,anditiscleaved from proinsulin in the synthesis of insulin [1]. Proinsulin consists of A and B chain and connecting peptide in the middle,calledC-peptide.Cleavageofproinsulintakesplace inendoplasmaticreticulumofbetapancreaticcells.Inad- dition,C-peptideisstoredinGolgisecretorygranulesand is cosecreted in equimolar amounts into the blood stream together with insulin in response to the glucose stimu- lation [1, 2]. Amino acid sequences of C-peptide are in di?erentspeciesrelativelyvariable.Nevertheless,C-peptide has several conserved sequences, for example, N terminal acidicregion,glycine-richcentralsegment,andC-terminal pentapeptide[3].Despitethe?rstreportsdescribingC-pep- tideasapeptidewithlittleornobiologicalactivity,recent data reports binding of