Cardiovascular Risk in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Epigenetic Mechanisms of Immune Regulatory Functions英文文献资料.docVIP

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Cardiovascular Risk in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Epigenetic Mechanisms of Immune Regulatory Functions英文文献资料.doc

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Cardiovascular Risk in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Epigenetic Mechanisms of Immune Regulatory Functions英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation ClinicalandDevelopmentalImmunology Volume2012,ArticleID974648,10pages doi:10.1155/2012/974648 ReviewArticle CardiovascularRiskinSystemicAutoimmuneDiseases: EpigeneticMechanismsofImmuneRegulatoryFunctions CharyLo′pez-Pedrera, 1 CarlosP′erez-S′anchez, 2 1 ManuelRamos-Casals, andMaJos′eCuadrado 3 2 MonicaSantos-Gonzalez, AntonioRodriguez-Ariza, 1 1 2 3 UnidaddeInvestigaci′oneInstitutoMaim′onidesdeInvestigaci′onBiom′edicadeC′ordoba(IMIBIC),HospitalUniversitarioReinaSof′?a, Avda.Men′endezPidals/n,14004C′ordoba,Spain LaboratoryofAutoimmuneDiseasesJosepFont,IDIBAPS,DepartmentofAutoimmuneDiseases,HospitalCl′?nic,C/Villarroel170, 08036Barcelona,Spain LupusResearchUnit,StThomasHospital,LambethPalaceRoad,LondonSE17EH,UK CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoCharyLo′pez-Pedrera,rosario.lopez.exts@juntadeandalucia.es Received1June2011;Revised15July2011;Accepted15July2011 AcademicEditor:PeterSzodoray Copyright?2012CharyLo′pez-Pedreraetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have been associated with accelerated atherosclerosis (AT) leading to increased cardio- and cerebrovasculardiseaserisk.Traditionalriskfactors,aswellassystemicin?ammationmediators,includingcytokines,chemokines, proteases,autoantibodies,adhesionreceptors,andothers,havebeenimplicatedinthedevelopmentofthesevascularpathologies. Yet, the characteristics of vasculopathies may signi?cantly di?er depending on the underlying disease. In recent years, many newgenesandsignallingpathwaysinvolvedinautoimmunitywithoftenoverlappingpatternsbetweendi?erentdiseaseentities havebeenfurtherdetected.Epigenetics,thecontrolofgenepackagingandexpressionindependentofalterationsintheDNA sequence,isprovidingnewdirectionslinkinggeneticsandenvironmentalfactors.Epigeneticregulatorymechanismscomprise DNAmethylation,histonemodi?cations,andmicro