Endogenous Hepatitis C Virus Homolog Fragments in European Rabbit and Hare Genomes Replicate in Cell Culture 英文参考文献.docVIP

EndogenousHepatitisCVirusHomologFragmentsin EuropeanRabbitandHareGenomesReplicateinCell Culture ElianeSilva1,2,SaraMarques1,2,HugoOso′rio3,Ju′lioCarvalheira1,2,GertrudeThompson1,2 * 1Departement of Veterinary Clinics, Instituto de Cie?ncias Biome′dicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, 2Centro de Investigac?a?o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gene′ticos (CIBIO), Universidade do Porto, Vaira?o, Portugal, 3Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP),Porto,Portugal Abstract Endogenousretroviruses,non-retroviralRNAvirusesandDNAviruseshavebeenfoundinthemammaliangenomes.The origin of Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans, remains unclear since its discovery. Here we show that fragments homologous to HCV structural and non- structural(NS)proteinspresentintheEuropeanrabbit(Oryctolaguscuniculus)andhare(Lepuseuropaeus)genomesreplicate inbovinecellcultures.TheHCVgenomichomologfragmentsweredemonstratedbyRT-PCR,PCR,massspectrometry,and replication in bovine cell cultures by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and immunogold electron microscopy (IEM) using specificMAbs forHCVNS3, NS4A,andNS5proteins. Thesefindings mayleadtonovel research approacheson theHCV origin,genesis,evolutionanddiversity. Citation: Silva E, Marques S, Oso′rio H, Carvalheira J, Thompson G (2012) Endogenous Hepatitis C Virus Homolog Fragments in European Rabbit and Hare GenomesReplicateinCellCulture.PLoSONE7(11):e49820.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049820 Editor:EricaVilla,UniversityofModenaReggioEmilia,Italy ReceivedJune18,2012;AcceptedOctober17,2012;PublishedNovember19,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Silva etal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:Theseauthorshavenosupportorfunding