Elevational Gradients in Fish Diversity in the Himalaya Water Discharge Is the Key Driver of Distribution Patterns 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Elevational Gradients in Fish Diversity in the Himalaya Water Discharge Is the Key Driver of Distribution Patterns 英文参考文献.doc

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Elevational Gradients in Fish Diversity in the Himalaya Water Discharge Is the Key Driver of Distribution Patterns 英文参考文献

ElevationalGradientsinFishDiversityintheHimalaya: WaterDischargeIstheKeyDriverofDistribution Patterns JayP.Bhatt1,KumarManish1,2,MaharajK.Pandit1,2 * 1CentreforInterdisciplinaryStudiesofMountainandHillEnvironment,UniversityofDelhi,Delhi,India,2DepartmentofEnvironmentalStudies,UniversityofDelhi,Delhi, India Abstract Background:Studyingdiversityanddistributionpatternsofspeciesalongelevationalgradientsandunderstandingdrivers behind these patterns is central to macroecology and conservation biology. A number of studies on biogeographic gradients are available for terrestrial ecosystems, but freshwater ecosystems remain largely neglected. In particular, we knowverylittleaboutthespeciesrichnessgradientsandtheirdriversintheHimalaya,aglobalbiodiversityhotspot. Methodology/Principal Findings: We collated taxonomic and distribution data of fish species from 16 freshwater HimalayanriversandcarriedoutempiricalstudiesonenvironmentaldriversandfishdiversityanddistributionintheTeesta river (Eastern Himalaya). We examined patterns of fish species richness along the Himalayan elevational gradients (50– 3800m)andsoughttounderstandthedriversbehindtheemergingpatterns.Weusedgeneralizedlinearmodels(GLM)and generalizedadditivemodels(GAM)toexaminetherichnesspatterns;GLMwasusedtoinvestigaterelationshipbetweenfish species richness and various environmental variables. Regression modelling involved stepwise procedures, including elimination of collinear variables, best model selection, based on the least Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and the highest percentage of deviance explained (D2). This maiden study on the Himalayan fishes revealed that total and non- endemic fish species richness monotonously decrease with increasing elevation, while endemics peaked around mid elevations(700–1500m).Thebestexplanatorymodel(syntheticmodel)indicatedthatwaterdischargeisthebestpredictor offishspeciesrichnesspatternsintheHimalayanrivers. Conclusions/Significance: This study, carried out along one of the