Evaluation of Oxfendazole, Praziquantel and Albendazole against Cystic Echinococcosis A Randomized Clinical Trial in Naturally Infected Sheep 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Evaluation of Oxfendazole, Praziquantel and Albendazole against Cystic Echinococcosis A Randomized Clinical Trial in Naturally Infected Sheep 英文参考文献.doc

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Evaluation of Oxfendazole, Praziquantel and Albendazole against Cystic Echinococcosis A Randomized Clinical Trial in Naturally Infected Sheep 英文参考文献

EvaluationofOxfendazole,Praziquanteland AlbendazoleagainstCysticEchinococcosis:A RandomizedClinicalTrialinNaturallyInfectedSheep CesarM.Gavidia1*,ArmandoE.Gonzalez1,EduardoA.Barron1,BereniceNinaquispe1 ,Monica Llamosas1,ManuelaR.Verastegui2,ColinRobinson3,RobertH.Gilman4 1VeterinarySchool,UniversidadNacionalMayordeSanMarcos,SanBorja,Lima,Peru,2DepartmentofMicrobiology,SchoolofSciences,UniversidadPeruanaCayetano Heredia,Lima,Peru,3TuftsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4BloombergSchoolofPublicHealth,TheJohnsHopkins University,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:CysticEchinococosis(CE)isazoonoticdiseasecausedbylarvalstageEchinococcusgranulosus.Wedetermined theeffectsofhighdoseofOxfendazole(OXF),combinationOxfendazole/Praziquantel(PZQ),andcombinationAlbendazole (ABZ)/PraziquantelagainstCEinsheep. Methodology/Principal Findings: Arandomizedplacebo-controlledtrialwascarriedouton118randomlyselectedewes. Theywererandomlyassignedtooneofthefollowinggroups:1)placebo;2)OXF60mg/Kgofbodyweight(BW)weeklyfor fourweeks;3)ABZ30mg/KgBW+PZQ40mg/KgBWweeklyfor6weeks,and4)OXF30mg/KgBW+PZQ40mg/KgBW biweeklyfor3administrations(6weeks).Percentprotoscolex(PSC)viabilitywasevaluatedusinga0.1%aqueouseosinvital stainforeachcyst.‘‘Noninfective’’sheepwerethosethathadnoviablePSCs;‘‘low-mediuminfective’’werethosethathad1% to60%PSCviability;and‘‘highinfective’’werethosewithmorethan60%PSCviability.Weevaluated92ofthe118sheep.ABZ/ PZQledthelowestPSCviabilityforlungcysts(12.7%),whileOXF/PZQdidsoforlivercysts(13.5%).Thepercentageofeither ‘‘noninfective’’ or ‘‘low-medium infective’’ sheep was 90%, 93.8% and 88.9% for OXF, ABZ/PZQ and OXF/PZQ group as comparedto50%‘‘noninfective’’or‘‘low-mediuminfective’’forplacebo.Afterperformingallnecropsies,CEprevalenceinthe flockofsheepwas95.7%(88/92)withatotalnumberof1094cysts(12.4cysts/animal).Onaverage,thetwo-drug-combination groupsresultedpulmonarycyststhatwere6mmsmallerandhepaticcyststhatwere4.2mmsmalle