Evolutionary Insights from a Genetically Divergent Hantavirus Harbored by the European Common Mole (Talpa europaea) 英文参考文献.docVIP

EvolutionaryInsightsfromaGeneticallyDivergent HantavirusHarboredbytheEuropeanCommonMole (Talpaeuropaea) HaeJiKang1,2,ShannonN.Bennett1,LaarniSumibcay1,SatoruArai3,AndrewG.Hope4,GaborMocz5, Jin-WonSong2,JosephA.Cook4,RichardYanagihara1* 1PacificCenterforEmergingInfectiousDiseasesResearch,JohnA.BurnsSchoolofMedicine,UniversityofHawaiiatManoa,Honolulu,Hawaii,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Institute for Viral Diseases and Bank for Pathogenic Viruses, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, 3Infectious Disease SurveillanceCenter,NationalInstituteofInfectiousDiseases,Tokyo,Japan,4DepartmentofBiologyandMuseumofSouthwesternBiology,UniversityofNewMexico, Albuquerque,NewMexico,UnitedStatesofAmerica,5PacificBiosciencesResearchCenter,UniversityofHawaiiatManoa,Honolulu,Hawaii,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background: The discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses in shrews (Order Soricomorpha, Family Soricidae) from widely separated geographic regions challenges the hypothesis that rodents (Order Rodentia, Family Muridae and Cricetidae)aretheprimordialreservoirhostsofhantavirusesandalsopredictsthatothersoricomorphsharborhantaviruses. Recently, novel hantavirus genomes have been detected in moles of the Family Talpidae, including the Japanese shrew mole(Urotrichustalpoides)andAmericanshrewmole(Neurotrichusgibbsii).Wepresentnewinsightsintotheevolutionary historyofhantavirusesgainedfromahighlydivergenthantavirus,designatedNovavirus(NVAV),identifiedintheEuropean commonmole(Talpaeuropaea)capturedinHungary. Methodology/Principal Findings: Pair-wise alignment and comparison of the full-length S- and L-genomic segments indicatedmoderatelylowsequencesimilarityof54–65%and46–63%atthenucleotideandaminoacidlevels,respectively, between NVAV and representative rodent- and soricid-borne hantaviruses. Despite the high degree of sequence divergence, the predicted secondary structure of the NVAV nucleocapsid protein exhibited the characteristic coiled-coil