Optimal Electrical Properties of Outer Hair Cells Ensure Cochlear Amplification 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Optimal Electrical Properties of Outer Hair Cells Ensure Cochlear Amplification 英文参考文献.doc

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Optimal Electrical Properties of Outer Hair Cells Ensure Cochlear Amplification 英文参考文献

OptimalElectricalPropertiesofOuterHairCellsEnsure CochlearAmplification Jong-HoonNam1,2*,RobertFettiplace3 1DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,DepartmentofBiomedicalEngineering,UniversityofRochester,Rochester,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2Centerfor Navigation and Communication Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America, 3Department of Neuroscience, UniversityofWisconsin-Madison,Madison,Wisconsin,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract TheorganofCorti(OC)istheauditoryepitheliumofthemammaliancochleacomprisingsensoryhaircellsandsupporting cellsridingonthebasilarmembrane.Theouterhaircells(OHCs)arecellularactuatorsthatamplifysmallsound-induced vibrationsfor transmissiontotheinnerhaircells. We developedafinite elementmodelof theOCthatincorporates the complex OC geometry and force generation by OHCs originating from active hair bundle motion due to gating of the transducerchannelsandsomaticcontractilityduetothemembraneproteinprestin.Themodelalsoincorporatesrealistic OHCelectricalproperties.ItexplainsthecomplexvibrationmodesoftheOCandreproducesrecentmeasurementsofthe phasedifferencebetweenthetopandthebottomsurfacevibrationsoftheOC.SimulationsofanindividualOHCshowthat theOHCsomaticmotilitylagsthehairbundledisplacementby,90degrees.Prestin-drivencontractionsoftheOHCscause thetopandbottomsurfacesoftheOCtomoveinoppositedirections.CombinedwiththeOCmechanics,thisresultsin ,90degreesphasedifferencebetweentheOCtopandbottomsurfacevibration.Anappropriateelectricaltimeconstant fortheOHCmembraneisnecessarytoachievethephaserelationshipbetweenOCvibrationsandOHCactuations.When theOHCelectricalfrequencycharacteristicsaretoohighortoolow,theOHCsdonotexertforcewiththecorrectphaseto theOCmechanicssothattheycannotamplify.WeconcludethatthecomponentsofOHCforwardandreversetransduction arecrucialforsettingthephaserelationsneededforamplification. Citation: Nam J-H, Fettiplace R (2012) Optimal Electrical Properties of Outer Hair Cells Ensure Cochlear