Optimization of Muscle Activity for Task-Level Goals Predicts Complex Changes in Limb Forces across Biomechanical Contexts 英文参考文献.docVIP

OptimizationofMuscleActivityforTask-LevelGoals PredictsComplexChangesinLimbForcesacross BiomechanicalContexts J.LucasMcKay,LenaH.Ting* TheWallaceH.CoulterDepartmentofBiomedicalEngineering,EmoryUniversityandtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,Atlanta,Georgia,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Optimalityprincipleshavebeenproposedasageneralframeworkforunderstandingmotorcontrolinanimalsandhumans largelybasedontheirabilitytopredictgeneralfeaturesmovementinidealizedmotortasks.However,generalizingthese concepts past proof-of-principle to understand the neuromechanical transformation from task-level control to detailed execution-levelmuscleactivityandforcesduringbehaviorally-relevantmotortaskshasproveddifficult.Inanunrestrained balance task in cats, we demonstrate that achieving task-level constraints center of mass forces and moments while minimizingcontroleffortpredictsdetailedpatternsofmuscleactivityandgroundreactionforcesinananatomically-realistic musculoskeletal model. Whereas optimization is typically used to resolve redundancy at a single level of the motor hierarchy, we simultaneously resolved redundancy across both muscles and limbs and directly compared predictions to experimental measures across multiple perturbation directions that elicit different intra- and interlimb coordination patterns.Further,althoughsomecandidatetask-levelvariablesandcostfunctionsgeneratedindistinguishablepredictions in a single biomechanical context, we identified a common optimization framework that could predict up to 48 experimentalconditionsperanimal(n=3)acrossbothperturbationdirectionsanddifferentbiomechanicalcontextscreated byalteringanimals’posturalconfiguration.Predictionswerefurtherimprovedbyimposingexperimentally-derivedmuscle synergy constraints, suggesting additional task variables or costs that may be relevant to the neural control of balance. Theseresultssuggestedthatreduced-dimensionneuralcontrolmechanismssuchasmusclesynergiescanachievesimilar kineticstotheoptimalsolution,butwit