Optimizing Metapopulation Sustainability through a Checkerboard Strategy 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Optimizing Metapopulation Sustainability through a Checkerboard Strategy 英文参考文献.doc

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Optimizing Metapopulation Sustainability through a Checkerboard Strategy 英文参考文献

OptimizingMetapopulationSustainabilitythrougha CheckerboardStrategy YossiBenZion1*,GurYaari2,NadavM.Shnerb1 1DepartmentofPhysics,Bar-IlanUniversity,Ramat-Gan,Israel,2DepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiology,YaleUniversity,NewHaven,Connecticut,UnitedStates ofAmerica Abstract Thepersistenceofaspatiallystructuredpopulationisdeterminedbytherateofdispersalamonghabitatpatches.Ifthe localdynamicatthesubpopulationlevelisextinction-prone,thesystemviabilityismaximalatintermediateconnectivity whererecolonizationisallowed,butfullsynchronizationthatenablescorrelatedextinctionisforbidden.Herewedeveloped andusedanalgorithmforagent-basedsimulationsinordertostudythepersistenceofastochasticmetapopulation.The effectofnoiseisshowntobedramatic,andthedynamicsofthespatialpopulationdifferssubstantiallyfromthepredictions of deterministic models. This has been validated for the stochastic versions of the logistic map, theRicker map and the Nicholson-Bailey host-parasitoid system. To analyze the possibility of extinction, previous studies were focused on the attractiveness(Lyapunovexponent)ofstablesolutionsandthestructureoftheirbasinofattraction(dependenceoninitial population size). Our results suggest that these features are of secondary importance in the presence of stochasticity. Instead,optimalsustainabilityisachievedwhendecoherenceismaximal.Individual-basedsimulationsofmetapopulations ofdifferentsizes,dimensionsandnoisetypes,showthatthesystem’slifetimepeakswhenitdisplayscheckerboardspatial patterns. This conclusion is supported by the results of a recently published Drosophila experiment. The checkerboard strategyprovidesatechniqueforthemanipulationofmigrationrates(e.g.,byconstructingcorridors)inordertoaffectthe persistenceofametapopulation.Itmaybeusedinordertominimizetheriskofextinctionofanendangeredspecies,orto maximizetheefficiencyofaneradicationcampaign. Citation:BenZionY,YaariG,ShnerbNM(2010)OptimizingMetapopulationSustainabilitythroughaCheckerboardStrategy.PLoSComputBiol6(1):e10