Optimum contribution selection for conserved populations with historic migration 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Optimum contribution selection for conserved populations with historic migration 英文参考文献.doc

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Optimum contribution selection for conserved populations with historic migration 英文参考文献

Wellmannetal.GeneticsSelectionEvolution2012,44 :34 /content/44/1/34 Genetics Selection Evolution RESEARCH OpenAccess Optimumcontributionselectionforconserved populationswithhistoricmigration RobinWellmann*,SonjaHartwigandJo¨rnBennewitz Abstract Background: Inrecentdecades,localvarietiesofdomesticatedanimalspecieshavebeenfrequentlycrossedwith economicallysuperiorbreedswhichhasresultedinconsiderablegeneticcontributionsfrommigrants.Optimum contributionselectionbymaximizinggenediversitywhileconstrainingbreedingvaluesoftheo?springorviceversa couldeventuallyleadtotheextinctionoflocalbreedswithhistoricmigrationbecausemaximizationofgenediversity orbreedingvalueswouldbeachievedbymaximizationofmigrantcontributions.Therefore,otherobjectivefunctions areneededforthesebreeds. Results: Di?erentobjectivefunctionsandsideconstraintswerecomparedwithrespecttotheirabilitytoreduce migrantcontributions,toincreasethegenomeequivalentsoriginatingfromnativefounders,andtoconservegene diversity.Additionally,anewmethodformonitoringthedevelopmentofe?ectivesizeforbreedswithincomplete pedigreerecordswasapplied.ApproacheswerecomparedforVorderwaldcattle,Hinterwaldcattle,andLimpurg cattle.Migrantcontributionscouldbesubstantiallydecreasedforthesethreebreeds,butthepotentialtoincreasethe nativegenomeequivalentsislimited. Conclusions: Themostpromisingapproachwasconstrainingmigrantcontributionswhilemaximizingthe conditionalprobabilitythattwoallelesrandomlychosenfromtheo?springpopulationarenotidenticalbydescent, giventhatbothdescendfromnativefounders. Background thehistoricbreedsbyremovinggeneticcontributionsof Manylocalvarietiesofdomesticatedanimalspecieshave migrants,toconservethebreedsintheirpresentappear- been established in the last centuries. However, due to ance, or to increase the economic values. In any case, agriculturalinnovationssincethebeginningofthe19th geneticcontributionsarisingfrommorefrequentbreeds century and subsequent intensi?cation of production, arenotsubjecttoconservatio