Recent Advances in the Application of Chiral Phosphine Ligands in Pd-Catalysed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation 英文参考文献.docVIP

Molecules 2011, 16, 970-1010; doi:10.3390/moleculeOPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Review Recent Advances in the Application of Chiral Phosphine Ligands in Pd-Catalysed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation Itzel Guerrero Rios, Alonso Rosas-Hernandez and Erika Martin * Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 México D.F., Mexico * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: erikam@unam.mx; Tel: +52 55 5622 3720; Fax: +52 55 5622 3720. Received: 20 December 2010; in revised form: 18 January 2011 / Accepted: 19 January 2011 / Published: 21 January 2011 Abstract: One of the most powerful approaches for the formation of simple and complex chiral molecules is the metal-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation. This reaction has been broadly studied with a great variety of substrates and nucleophiles under different reaction conditions and it has promoted the synthesis of new chiral ligands to be evaluated as asymmetric inductors. Although the mechanism as well as the active species equilibria are known, the performance of the catalytic system depends on the fine tuning of factors such as type of substrate, nucleophile nature, reaction medium, catalytic precursor and type of ligand used. Particularly interesting are chiral phosphines which have proved to be effective asymmetric inductors in several such reactions. The present review covers the application of phosphine-donor ligands in Pd-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation in the last decade. Keywords: allylic alkylation; asymmetric catalysis; chiral phosphines; palladium 1. Introduction During the last decades, transition-metal catalysed reactions have played an important role in asymmetric organic synthesis by providing easy, selective, doable and environmentally friendly processes to produce a wide variety of organic