Relationships between magnitude representation, counting and memory in 4- to 7-year-old children A developmental study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Relationships between magnitude representation, counting and memory in 4- to 7-year-old children A developmental study 英文参考文献.doc

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Relationships between magnitude representation, counting and memory in 4- to 7-year-old children A developmental study 英文参考文献

Soltészetal.BehavioralandBrainFunctions2010,6:13 /content/6/1/13 RESEARCH OpenAccess Relationshipsbetweenmagnituderepresentation, countingandmemoryin4-to7-year-old children:Adevelopmentalstudy FruzsinaSoltész1*,DénesSz?cs1,2,LíviaSz?cs3 Abstract Background:Thedevelopmentofanevolutionarilygroundedanaloguemagnituderepresentationlinkedtothe parietallobesisfrequentlythoughttobeamajorfactorinthearithmeticdevelopmentofhumans.We investigatedtherelationshipbetweencountingandthedevelopmentofmagnituderepresentationinchildren, assessingalsochildren’sknowledgeofnumbersymbols,theirarithmeticfactretrieval,theirverbalskills,andtheir numericalandverbalshort-termmemory. Methods:Themagnituderepresentationwastestedbyanon-symbolicmagnitudecomparisontask.Wehave perfectedpreviousexperimentaldesignsmeasuringmagnitudediscriminationskillsin65childrenkindergarten (4-7-year-olds)bycontrollingforseveralvariableswhichwerenotcontrolledforinprevioussimilarresearch.We alsousedalargenumberoftrialswhichallowedforrunningafullfactorialANOVAincludingallrelevantfactors. Testsofverbalcounting,ofshorttermmemory,ofnumberknowledge,ofproblemsolvingabilitiesandofverbal fluencywereadministeredandcorrelatedwithperformanceinthemagnitudecomparisontask. Resultsanddiscussion:Verbalcountingknowledgeandperformanceonsimplearithmetictestsdidnotcorrelate withnon-symbolicmagnitudecomparisonatanyage.Olderchildrenperformedsuccessfullyonthenumber comparisontask,showingbehaviouralpatternsconsistentwithananaloguemagnituderepresentation.Incontrast, 4-year-oldswereunabletodiscriminatenumberindependentlyoftask-irrelevantperceptualvariables.Sensitivityto irrelevantperceptualfeaturesofthemagnitudediscriminationtaskwasalsoaffectedbyage,andcorrelatedwith memory,suggestingthatmoregeneralcognitiveabilitiesmayplayaroleinperformanceinmagnitude comparisontasks. Conclusion:Weconcludethatyoungchildrenarenotabletodiscriminatenumericalmagnitudeswhenco-varying physicalmagnitudesaremethodicallypittedagainstnumber.Wepropose,alongwithothers,th