Repeated Dose 28-Days Oral Toxicity Study of Carica papaya L. Leaf Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats 英文参考文献.docVIP

Molecules 2012, 17, 4326-4342; doi:10.3390/moleculeOPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article Repeated Dose 28-Days Oral Toxicity Study of Carica papaya L. Leaf Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats Adlin Afzan 1,*, Noor Rain Abdullah 1,2, Siti Zaleha Halim 1, Badrul Amini Rashid 1, Raja Hazlini Raja Semail 1, Noordini Abdullah 1, Ibrahim Jantan 3, Hussin Muhammad 1 and Zakiah Ismail 1 1 Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; E-Mails: ctzaleha.h2@ (S.Z.H.); badrul@.my (B.A.R.); jholin_ra82@ (R.H.R.S.); dinidtmp@ (N.A.); sien782004@yahoo.co.uk (H.M.); drzakiah@ (Z.I.) 2 Infectious Disease Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; E-Mail: noorrain@.my 3 Faculty of Pharmacy, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; E-Mail: ibj@medic.ukm.my * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: adlinafzan@.my; Tel.: +6-03-2616-2621; Fax: +6-03-2693-8210. Received: 22 February 2012; in revised form: 20 March 2012 / Accepted: 23 March 2012 / Published: 10 April 2012 Abstract: Carica papaya L. leaves have been used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of fevers and cancers. Despite its benefits, very few studies on their potential toxicity have been described. The aim of the present study was to characterize the chemical composition of the leaf extract from ‘Sekaki’ C. papaya cultivar by UPLC-TripleTOF-ESI-MS and to investigate the sub-acute oral toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats at doses of 0.01, 0.14 and 2 g/kg by examining the general behavior, clinical signs, hematological parameters, serum biochemistry and histopathology changes. A total of twelve compounds consisting of one piperidine alkaloid, two organic acids, six malic acid derivatives, and four flavonol glycosides were characterized or tentatively identified in the C