Responsive Hydrogels for Label-Free Signal Transduction within Biosensors 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2010, 10, 4381-4409; doi:10.3390/s100504381 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Review Responsive Hydrogels for Label-Free Signal Transduction within Biosensors Kamila Gawel 1, David Barriet 1,2, Marit Sletmoen 1 and Bj?rn Torger Stokke 1,* 1 Biophysics and Medical Technology, Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; E-Mails: kamila.gawel@ntnu.no (K.G.); david.barriet@ntnu.no (D.B.); marit.sletmoen@ntnu.no (M.S.) 2 NTNU NanoLab, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: bjorn.stokke@ntnu.no; Tel.: +47 73 59 34 34; Fax: +47 73 59 77 10. Received: 1 March 2010; in revised form: 12 April 2010 / Accepted: 23 April 2010 / Published: 30 April 2010 Abstract: Hydrogels have found wide application in biosensors due to their versatile nature. This family of materials is applied in biosensing either to increase the loading capacity compared to two-dimensional surfaces, or to support biospecific hydrogel swelling occurring subsequent to specific recognition of an analyte. This review focuses on various principles underpinning the design of biospecific hydrogels acting through various molecular mechanisms in transducing the recognition event of label-free analytes. Towards this end, we describe several promising hydrogel systems that when combined with the appropriate readout platform and quantitative approach could lead to future real-life applications. Keywords: biospecific hydrogels; biosensors 1. Introduction Hydrogel materials have found widespread biomedical applications in regenerative medicine and drug delivery. There is also an increasing interest in hydrogels within biosensing. While biosensing in general takes advantage of various readout platforms based on electrochemical, mechanical or optica